Under the Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, the Peruvian authorities requested assistance from the IAEA in relation to the radiological accident that occurred during non-destructive testing using a nuclear radioactive source in the district of Chilca, Peru, in 2012. This assistance related to dose assessment and medical management of those involved in the accident was provided during 2012 and 2013. The report gives a detailed account and analysis of the event, as well as, the actions taken in order to assist organizations responsible for radiation protection, source safety and emergency preparedness and response in identifying lessons to be learned that may help to prevent similar accidents.