Rice-wheat systems provide the staple grain supply for about 8% of the world population, making these systems critically important for global food security. Evidence from long-term experiments shows that crop yields are stagnating and sometimes declining. Current crop cultivation practices in rice-wheat systems degrade the soil and water resources thereby threatening the sustainability of the system & encouraged the inappropriate land and input uses. It is evident that the uptake of nitrogen by rice following legumes is more than wheat or fallow, due to legume's beneficial role in rice biomass production. it is, therefore, worthwhile to understand the nature and behavior of the valuable natural resources in relation to sustainable production. After harvesting of rabi crop, introduction of short duration legumes in summer resulted in higher yields of kharif rice as the residues of leguminous crop decompose quickly 7 releases nutrients. So, the present study was done to understand the contribution of summer groundnut towards nitrogen nutrition of rice crop in sequence which may lead towards saving of 30 to 60 % of the chemical nitrogen.